HHO will improve combustion efficiency. This is a scientific fact. When introduced into the engine along with the petroleum based fuel, it causes the flame speed to increase. This allows more of the petrol to burn during the power stroke. This will just happen. And it will be a dramatic increase over the combustion without the HHO. After the combustion efficiency is improved, the ECU is often fooled by the reduced quantity of unburned hydrocarbons and increased oxygen content, and often will add fuel to compensate. This can ruin your mileage gains.
The simplicity of what we have to do to have a successful HHO installation is: a) get some HHO into the engine and b) adjust the sensor inputs as necessary so the ECU is not blocking the gains. That’s all. If we can do those 2 things, we will always get vastly improved fuel economy and vastly improved (decreased) emissions.
While this checklist was written with HHO users in mind, it will work for any other technology that improves combustion efficiency. You will find that you can adapt many of these steps to apply to whatever technology you are using to debug your project. Other combustion technologies include (but are not limited to): water vapor injection, fuel preheating, fuel vaporizers/atomizers, fuel cracking technologies (using additives to break down the fuel), etc.
You should check out these items working from the top down. They have been ordered this way on purpose so that the most likely problems are higher on the list. Also, the problems that are the easiest to test appear higher on the list than those that are difficult and/or expensive to test for.
The thing you have to realize is that the technology works. And because it does, all vehicles can be solved. If you are having a hard time getting the results you should, you just need to go through these items and find the reasons your gains are being blocked. If you keep at it, you will find the problem and you will get the gains you are seeking.
1. Is your device making HHO? The most common bug we encounter trying to debug systems is that HHO is not being produced, or is not getting into the engine for some reason. Check your system. Measure the output of your HHO cell by doing a water displacement test. Bob Boyce recently told me that a system should provide 1/4 – 1/2 liter/min of HHO per liter of engine displacement. See if you are meeting that standard. Another thing that should be checked here is whether your unit is making HHO or steam. Some of the early cell developers would run their units with so much amperage that the unit was producing more steam than anything else. If your unit runs hot to the touch, you must suspect that at least part of your output is steam. One way to test for steam is to run your gas outlet over some ice. If you get significant amounts of fog forming (water droplets), you know that at least part of your output is steam.
2. Is the HHO getting into the engine? We have seen cases where a leak in the system was keeping the hydrogen from getting into the engine. A split hose can cause this, or one that is not attached at all. A check valve oriented in the wrong direction can block the HHO from getting to the engine. One time we found that the lid to a dry cell’s reservoir had a leak and when this was fixed the situation resolved completely. Spray your hoses and connections with soapy water to expose any leaks in your system. Fix any that you find.
3. Do you have an EFIE installed? Vehicles with carburetors and diesels do not require an EFIE. But all other fuel injected engines will need to have it’s electronics handled to get the gains of an HHO system installation. Usually the only sensors that require handling are the oxygen sensors that are upstream of the catalytic converter. Most V-6 and V-8 engines have two of these and most 4 cylinder engines have one.
4. Do you have the right type of EFIE? Most Japanese and German cars/trucks from about 2000 forward use wide band oxygen sensors. This is a new type of sensor that will not work EFIEs made for narrow band vehicles. If you have wide band sensors, you will need to get a Wide Band EFIE…
5. Is your EFIE installed correctly and on the correct wire? Refer back to the instructions for the type of EFIE you installed. If you are using a product from another company, you can still refer to our installation instructions which usually are a little more complete. The section for finding your signal wire is pretty extensive and includes a video of what your signal wire should look like when measured on a volt meter. If you have the correct phenomena for your signal wire, make sure you have the upstream sensor, and not the downstream sensor. Installing the EFIE on the wrong wire is one of the most common mistakes that come up on our support lines.
6. Reset your computer. Some computers are able to “learn” and adapt to the conditions that exist in your engine. Since you have made a major change by adding an HHO system and EFIEs, you may need to reset the computer to erase what it learned about the system when it was inefficient, and start over again with the new improvements installed. You can reset your computer by disconnecting your battery ground wire from the car, and leaving it off for 15 or 20 minutes. Then reconnecting it again. I wouldn’t do this every time you make a change to the EFIE’s setting. But its a good idea to do once you have installed a new system.
7. Is your EFIE functioning correctly? This is rather easily tested. For all types of narrow band EFIE except our Digital Narrow Band series, measure the voltage between the sensor and the ECU (from the input to the output of the EFIE). You should see the voltage that the EFIE is adding. For the digital EFIE, you can read the EFIE’s output vs ground. You should see it changing between .1 and .9 volts rather rapidly. If you don’t see this, you are either on the wrong wire or the EFIE is malfunctioning. For the wide band EFIE you must disconnect a lead and measure the current from the output of the EFIE to ground. Your meter must be sensitive enough to measure the expected output which is from 1 – 3 milliamps.
Before proceeding to the following steps: You should definitely make sure that all of the above steps are in. The following are less likely to be the source of the problem, and require some additional expense. So if you are planning to do expensive handlings, you want to make sure that the simple items above are taken care of. Further, if the checklist steps above are out, the following steps, even though expensive, will not resolve the situation.
8. Do your oxygen sensors need to be replaced? Oxygen sensors wear out. I have seen estimates that say you should replace them after 40,000 miles. In my experience they can get many more miles than this, but if you 100,000 miles or more on your oxygen sensors you must replace them. It is likely that replacing them will give you a good increase in mileage all by itself. We have seen a number of projects completely debug by doing this step alone.
9. Is there something else mechanically wrong with your engine? If your engine is working properly, adding an HHO system will not correct that. You will often find that if your engine is not working properly, just fixing it can give you a dramatic increase in mileage all by itself. If you had any kind of check engine light before starting the project, you should get this fault explored and handled. If you’re not sure, reset your computer, turn off all of your HHO, EFIEs and any other added modifications, and see if you still get a fault code. If so, get it fixed first, before adding your modifications. Sometimes fault codes don’t show up as a check engine light, but can still be read by a standard reader. If you have a vehicle that was manufactured in the US after 1995, you can take your car to a part house, and they will often read your codes for free, and help you get them handled.
10. Do you need to treat your downstream sensors? In the past, and in most cases the downstream sensors are not used in air/fuel ratio calculations. Therefore they do not need to be treated. But we are finding quite a few cases where that’s not true anymore. Dodge/Chrysler and Honda from about 2002 forward have documented that they are using the rear sensors as part of their air/fuel ratio calculations. Jeeps are doing this also. We have also debugged projects by treating downstream sensors on Ford F-150s and Mercedes, even though there is no documentation that the downstream sensors are used in air/fuel ratio calcs. It is now a primary suspect when fuel mileage is not being achieved when the steps above are all found to be in. We’ve never seen wide band sensors use downstream from the cat, so narrow band EFIEs are needed. A further note is that you should not use Digital Narrow Band EFIEs on the downstream sensors. These were designed to work with the phenomena that we expect from the upstream sensor activity. You can use any analog narrow band EFIE to treat these sensors.
11. Do other sensors need adjustment? After treating the oxygen sensors, the most likely sensor still needed to be treated is the MAF or the MAP. In most vehicles you have one or the other, but not both. In some vehicles you both, and when you do, you want to treat the MAF. There is a circuit that will work for this that can be found in A Simple MAF/MAP Enhancer. Note that Ford MAPs usually have a frequency type of output to the ECU. However, in these cases you will usually find they also have a voltage based MAF that you can treat. After treating the MAF or MAP, the other sensors that can be tuned with profit are the IAT (Intake Air Temperature) and CTS (Coolant Temperature Sensor). These are even more easily tuned and this is covered in Tuning For Mileage. To summarize, many cars only need to treat the upstream oxygen sensor(s). When this fails, we have found that most of the remaining projects will debug completely by treating the downstream oxygen sensor(s). In the rare cases where more tuning is needed then the MAF (or MAP if there is no MAF) has solved the case. We almost never need to treat the IAT sensor or the CTS. So treat the sensors in that order.
12. What did I miss in the steps above? All vehicles can be solved. Some of them are a little tougher than others due to the way the ECU was programmed. But they can all be solved. The technology works. If you have gotten to this point and your vehicle is still not been solved, one of the above steps is still out. You need to find it and get it corrected. And then your results will shine through.
Here’s an interesting article on the Hydrogen Highway- not very practical.
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